Journal
FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 11, Issue 7, Pages 919-939Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0044
Keywords
apoptosis; autophagy; Coxiella burnetii; effector protein; host cell invasion; macrophages; mutagenesis; phagolysosome; type 4B secretion; vacuole remodeling
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Funding
- Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-14-CE14-0012-01]
- ERA-NET Infect-ERA [ANR-13-IFEC-0003]
- ATIP-AVENIR programme
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Invasion of macrophages and replication within an acidic and degradative phagolysosome-like vacuole are essential for disease pathogenesis by Coxiella burnetii, the bacterial agent of human Q fever. Previous experimental constraints imposed by the obligate intracellular nature of Coxiella limited knowledge of pathogen strategies that promote infection. Fortunately, new genetic tools facilitated by axenic culture now allow allelic exchange and transposon mutagenesis approaches for virulence gene discovery. Phenotypic screens have illuminated the critical importance of Coxiella's type 4B secretion system in host cell subversion and discovered genes encoding translocated effector proteins that manipulate critical infection events. Here, we highlight the cellular microbiology and genetics of Coxiella and how recent technical advances now make Coxiella a model organism to study macrophage parasitism.
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