Journal
OPTICS EXPRESS
Volume 29, Issue 21, Pages 32739-32754Publisher
OPTICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.1364/OE.432761
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB-925) [170620586]
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron
- Donostia International Physics Center, DIPC (San Sebastian)
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A fast and robust method has been developed to characterize x-ray pulse durations using the center of energy (COE) of the photoelectron spectrum. The maximum COE can be derived from two COE measurements set at a phase of pi/2 apart, allowing for real-time measurement of pulse durations ranging from sub-fs to tens of fs with a fairly simple experimental setup. The theory, model, and data presented in the manuscript agree well with each other, providing a reliable way to evaluate x-ray pulse durations.
A fast and robust, yet simple, method has been developed for the immediate characterization of x-ray pulse durations via IR/THz streaking that uses the center of energy (COE) of the photoelectron spectrum for the evaluation. The manuscript presents theory and numerical models demonstrating that the maximum COEs shift as a function of the pulse duration and compares them to existing data for validation. It further establishes that the maximum COE can be derived from two COE measurements set at a phase of pi/2 apart. The theory, model, and data agree with each other very well, and they present a way to measure pulse durations ranging from sub-fs to tens of fs on-the-fly with a fairly simple experimental setup. (C) 2021 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
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