Journal
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Volume 125, Issue -, Pages 221-230Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.036
Keywords
Dystonia; Blepharospasm; Torticollis; Depression; Major depression; Dysthymia; Meta-analysis
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Adult onset idiopathic dystonia (AOID) patients have a high prevalence of supra-clinical threshold depressive symptoms/depressive disorders, with specific numbers varying among different types of dystonia. The prevalence of supra-clinical threshold depressive symptoms screened by rating scales is higher than that of depressive disorders diagnosed with structured interviews. Further research is needed to standardize screening methodology and characterization of mood disorders in AOID.
Adult onset idiopathic dystonia (AOID) is the third most common movement disorder in adults. Co-existing depressive symptoms and disorders represent major contributors of disability and quality of life in these patients, but their prevalence remains unclear. We investigated the point prevalence of supra-clinical threshold depressive symptoms/depressive disorders in AOID in a systematic review with qualitative synthesis and metaanalysis. Our search identified 60 articles suitable for qualitative synthesis and 54 for meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of either supra-clinical threshold depressive symptoms or depressive disorders was 31.5 % for cervical dystonia, 29.2 % for cranial dystonia, and 33.6 % for clinical samples with mixed forms of AOID. Major depressive disorder was more prevalent than dysthymia in cervical dystonia, whereas dysthymia was more prevalent in cranial dystonia. In cervical dystonia, the prevalence of supra-clinical threshold depressive symptoms screened by rating scales was higher than that of depressive disorders diagnosed with structured interviews. Prevalence studies using rating scales yielded higher heterogeneity. More research is warranted to standardize screening methodology and characterization of mood disorders in AOID.
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