Journal
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
Volume 147, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105043
Keywords
3D culture; Brain organoids; Hydrogels; Brain disease; Biomaterials; Brain ECM
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Inherent limitations of traditional approaches to studying brain function and disease have prompted the development of 3D in vitro cell culture systems. These multidisciplinary systems have shown great potential in mimicking the biochemical composition, structural properties, and cellular morphology of the native brain tissue.
Inherent limitations of the traditional approaches to study brain function and disease, such as rodent models and 2D cell culture platforms, have led to the development of 3D in vitro cell culture systems. These systems, products of multidisciplinary efforts encompassing stem cell biology, materials engineering, and biofabrication, have quickly shown great potential to mimic biochemical composition, structural properties, and cellular morphology and diversity found in the native brain tissue. Crucial to these developments have been the advancements in stem cell technology and cell reprogramming protocols that allow reproducible generation of human subtype-specific neurons and glia in laboratory conditions. At the same time, biomaterials have been designed to provide cells in 3D with a microenvironment that mimics functional and structural aspects of the native extracellular matrix with increasing fidelity. In this article, we review the use of biomaterials in 3D in vitro models of neurological disorders with focus on hydrogel technology and with biochemical composition and physical properties of the in vivo environment as reference.
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