Journal
NATURE MEDICINE
Volume 27, Issue 8, Pages 1442-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01409-3
Keywords
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Funding
- European Research Council
- Israel Science Foundation
- Seerave Foundation
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF, Erwin Schrodinger fellowship) [J4256]
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
- ERC [715772]
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research NWO-VIDI grant [016.178.056]
- Netherlands Heart Foundation CVON grant [2018-27]
- NWO Gravitation grant Exposome [NL 024.004.017]
- NWO Gravitation Netherlands Organ-on-Chip Initiative [024.003.001]
- ERC Consolidator grant [101001678]
- NWO Gravitation grant [024.003.001]
- NWO Spinoza Prize [SPI 92-266]
- European Research Council (ERC) [715772] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [J4256] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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The study profiled serum antibody responses of 997 healthy individuals against 244,000 rationally selected peptide antigens, finding individual-specific and shared antibody responses against microbiota associated with age and gender. The antibody epitope repertoires were shown to be more longitudinally stable than gut microbiome species abundances, suggesting their potential as an immunologic fingerprint.
Serum antibodies can recognize both pathogens and commensal gut microbiota. However, our current understanding of antibody repertoires is largely based on DNA sequencing of the corresponding B-cell receptor genes, and actual bacterial antigen targets remain incompletely characterized. Here we have profiled the serum antibody responses of 997 healthy individuals against 244,000 rationally selected peptide antigens derived from gut microbiota and pathogenic and probiotic bacteria. Leveraging phage immunoprecipitation sequencing (PhIP-Seq) based on phage-displayed synthetic oligo libraries, we detect a wide breadth of individual-specific as well as shared antibody responses against microbiota that associate with age and gender. We also demonstrate that these antibody epitope repertoires are more longitudinally stable than gut microbiome species abundances. Serum samples of more than 200 individuals collected five years apart could be accurately matched and could serve as an immunologic fingerprint. Overall, our results suggest that systemic antibody responses provide a non-redundant layer of information about microbiota beyond gut microbial species composition. Phage immunoprecipitation sequencing illustrates the wide breadth of systemic microbiota-specific antibody responses, which are more longitudinally stable than gut microbiome species abundances in a cohort of healthy individuals.
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