Tracing oncogene-driven remodelling of the intestinal stem cell niche

Interactions between tumour cells and the surrounding microenvironment contribute to tumour progression, metastasis and recurrence(1-3). Although mosaic analyses in Drosophila have advanced our understanding of such interactions(4,5), it has been difficult to engineer parallel approaches in vertebrates. Here we present an oncogene-associated, multicolour reporter mouse model-the Red2Onco system-that allows differential tracing of mutant and wild-type cells in the same tissue. By applying this system to the small intestine, we show that oncogene-expressing mutant crypts alter the cellular organization of neighbouring wild-type crypts, thereby driving accelerated clonal drift. Crypts that express oncogenic KRAS or PI3K secrete BMP ligands that suppress local stem cell activity, while changes in PDGFR(lo)CD81(+) stromal cells induced by crypts with oncogenic PI3K alter the WNT signalling environment. Together, these results show how oncogene-driven paracrine remodelling creates a niche environment that is detrimental to the maintenance of wild-type tissue, promoting field transformation dominated by oncogenic clones.

Automated summary

The study utilized a multicolour reporter mouse model, the Red2Onco system, to investigate interactions between tumour cells and the microenvironment. The research revealed that oncogene-driven paracrine remodeling leads to the destruction of wild-type tissue and promotes region transformation dominated by oncogenic clones. Mechanisms such as secretion of BMP ligands and alteration of the WNT signaling environment contribute to this process.