4.6 Article

Diversity of the Chemical Profile and Biological Activity of Capsicum annuum L. Extracts in Relation to Their Lipophilicity

Journal

MOLECULES
Volume 26, Issue 17, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175215

Keywords

Capsicum annuum; phenolic compounds; antiradical activity; anticancer properties; LC-QTOF-MS

Funding

  1. program of the Minister of Science and Higher Education under the name Regional Initiative of Excellence [029/RID/2018/19]

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Ethanol extracts of sweet and hot peppers were separated into fractions based on their lipophilicity, and their chemical composition, anti-radical activity, and cytotoxicity were analyzed. The study found that the chemical composition did not always correlate with biological activity, and unique compounds in the extracts could modulate their effects, which must be confirmed experimentally.
Ethanol extracts of two types of pepper (sweet and hot) were separated into fractions with increasing lipophilicity. After drying the extracts and fractions, their chemical composition, anti-radical activity in the DPPH radical system, and cytotoxic activity against PC-3 and HTC-116 cells were determined. A detailed qualitative analysis of the fractions was performed with the LC-QTOF-MS method. It was found that the chemical composition of pepper fractions did not always reflect their biological activity. The highest antiradical activity was detected in the fraction eluted with 40% methanol from sweet pepper. The highest total content of phenolic compounds was found in an analogous fraction from hot pepper, and this fraction showed the strongest cytotoxic effect on the PC-3 tumour line. The LC-MS analysis identified 53 compounds, six of which were present only in sweet pepper and four only in hot pepper. The unique chemical composition of the extracts was found to modulate their biological activity, which can only be verified experimentally.

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