4.6 Article

Enhancing the Decolorization of Methylene Blue Using a Low-Cost Super-Absorbent Aided by Response Surface Methodology

Journal

MOLECULES
Volume 26, Issue 15, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154430

Keywords

activated carbon; agriculture waste; methylene blue; optimization; wastewater treatment

Funding

  1. Universiti Malaysia Kelantan [R/SGJP/A13.00/00462A/001/2018/000481]
  2. Universiti Sains Ma-laysia [304/PPSK/6315499]

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Activated carbon was synthesized from local oil palm trunk biomass for the removal of synthetic dye from aqueous media. Optimization using response surface methodology achieved a high dye removal efficiency of 97.9% under specific conditions.
The presence of organic dyes from industrial wastewater can cause pollution and exacerbate environmental problems; therefore, in the present work, activated carbon was synthesized from locally available oil palm trunk (OPT) biomass as a low-cost adsorbent to remove synthetic dye from aqueous media. The physical properties of the synthesized oil palm trunk activated carbon (OPTAC) were analyzed by SEM, FTIR-ATR, and XRD. The concurrent effects of the process variables (adsorbent dosage (g), methylene blue (MB) concentration (mg/L), and contact time (h)) on the MB removal percentage from aqueous solution were studied using a three-factor three-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM), followed by the optimization of MB adsorption using OPTAC as the adsorbent. Based on the results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the three parameters considered, adsorbent dosage (X-1) is the most crucial parameter, with an F-value of 1857.43, followed by MB concentration (X-2) and contact time (X-3) with the F-values of 95.60 and 29.48, respectively. Furthermore, the highest MB removal efficiency of 97.9% was achieved at the optimum X-1, X-2, and X-3 of 1.5 g, 200 mg/L, and 2 h, respectively.

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