Journal
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
Volume 65, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100164
Keywords
carnosine; iron; lipidomics; muscle; obesity
Categories
Funding
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (European Regional Development Fund A way to make Europe) [PI18/01022]
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia [APP1047897]
- Miguel Servet Program from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III [ISCIII CP18/00009]
- European Social Fund Investing in your future
- NHMRC
- Royal Australasian College of Physicians Fellows Career Development Fellowship
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This study found that muscle carnosine supplementation has positive effects on plasma lipidome, and established the relationship of muscle carnosine and serum carnosinase-1 with cardiometabolic risk factors and lipid metabolism.
Introduction Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide abundant in the skeletal and cardiac muscle and brain, which has been shown to improve glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk. This study showed that carnosine supplementation had positive changes on plasma lipidome. Here, this study aimed to establish the relationship of muscle carnosine and serum carnosinase-1 with cardiometabolic risk factors and the lipidome. Methods and Results This study profiles >450 lipid species in 65 overweight/obese nondiabetic individuals. Intensive metabolic testing is conducted using direct gold-standard measures of adiposity, insulin sensitivity and secretion, as well as measurement of serum inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Muscle carnosine is negatively associated with 2-h glucose concentrations, whereas serum carnosinase-1 levels are negatively associated with insulin sensitivity and positively with IL-18. O-PLS and machine learning analyses reveal a strong association of muscle carnosine with ether lipids, particularly arachidonic acid-containing plasmalogens. Carnosinase-1 levels are positively associated with total phosphatidylethanolamines, but negatively with lysoalkylphosphatidylcholines, trihexosylceramides, and gangliosides. In particular, alkylphosphatidylethanolamine species containing arachidonic acid are positively associated with carnosinase-1. Conclusion These associations reinforce the role of muscle carnosine and serum carnosinase-1 in the interplay among low-grade chronic inflammation, glucose homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity.
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