Journal
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 135, Issue -, Pages 183-190Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.04.015
Keywords
Apis mellifera; Bee venom; IgY antibodies; Egg yolk; Venom neutralization
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Funding
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria
- Project FITS Salud from the Fondo Argentino Sectorial (FONARSEC) of the National Agency for Science and Technology Promotion-MinCyT, Argentina [PPM03]
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A novel composition containing specific IgY antibodies was developed to recognize key components of bee venom, demonstrating the potential for treating envenoming accidents caused by multiple bee stings.
Bee venom is a complex mixture of molecules, among which melittin and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) are the toxic components involved in envenoming accidents with multiple honeybee stings. Traditionally, the treatment of envenomings has been based on the administration of specific antibodies to neutralize the deleterious effects of toxins. An alternative to mammalian polyclonal antibodies is the use of egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) due to their advantages regarding animal welfare and lower costs of production as compared to the conventional production methods. In this work, a novel composition containing specific IgY antibodies was developed. After four immunizations, IgY extracted from the egg yolks was able to recognize several components of the bee venom, including melittin and PLA(2). The performance of IgY to neutralize the lethal activity was evaluated in a mouse model by using one median lethal dose (LD50) of the bee venom. The effective dose of the IgY extract was determined as 30.66 mu g/mg. These results demonstrate the feasibility to produce IgY-based antivenoms to treat envenomings by multiple bee stings.
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