Journal
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
Volume 323, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2021.111217
Keywords
biomass; Pyrolysis; Activation-graphitization route; Graphene
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Graphene-like porous carbon nanosheets (GPCNs) were synthesized effectively using the molten-salt/activation method. The FeCl3/ZnCl2 system demonstrated the formation of GPCNs with high specific surface area, influenced by the iron component facilitating carburization and the activation by ZnCl2. The materials produced exhibited a significant total pore volume and were composed of micropores and narrow mesoporous structures, with varying yields and degrees of graphitization.
Graphene has attracted attention in various scientific and theoretical areas. The molten-salt/activation method has emerged as an effective method for graphene-like porous carbon nanosheets (GPCNs) synthesis. This method involves simultaneous pyrolysis and activation of carbon precursors in molten salt to generate GPCNs. In the FeCl3/ZnCl2 system, the iron component facilitates the generation of GPCNs by forming a complanate carburized phase in the pyrolysis process, and ZnCl2 activate the formed carbon to produce a porous structure. This work's scientific contribution was to synthesize GPCNs with a high specific surface area from cellulose. A change in cellulose fibers' morphology has been verified, with the consequent formation of nanosheets caused by the chemical treatment employed. The GPCNs produced had a considerable specific surface area (up to 1228 m2 g-1). The increase of the ZnCl2 ratio caused an increase in the samples' total pore volume (from 0.6 to 1.0 cm3 g-1: temperature of 700 degrees C, from 0.54 to 1.01 cm3 g-1: 800 degrees C and from 0.16 to 0.53 cm3 g-1: 900 degrees C). The materials produced are made up of micropores and narrow mesoporous (between 10 and 90 A). The yields of GPCNs varied between 3.9 and 33.4 wt%. The 800G6 sample showed the highest degree of graphitization. The specific surface area for this condition was 1208 m2 g-1 and the yield (wt%) was 7.3. From the results presented in this work, it can be highlighted that it was possible to obtain materials with high added value from a simultaneous activation-graphitization method of cellulose.
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