Journal
MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 90, Issue 4, Pages 435-442Publisher
MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1134/S002626172104007X
Keywords
thermophilic archaea; extremophiles; lipases; esterases; lipid degradation; Crenarchaeota; triglycerides; esters; Fervidicoccus fontis
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Funding
- Russian Science Foundation [18-44-04024]
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research [21-54-10006]
- Royal Society of London [21-54-10006]
- Russian Federation Ministry of Science and Higher Education
- Russian Science Foundation [18-44-04024] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
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This study reported the isolation of a pure culture of a strictly anaerobic archaeon, strain 3639Fd, capable of growth on various lipids at high temperature, and identified it as Fervidicoccus fontis, the first crenarchaeon able to obtain energy by hydrolysis of lipid substrates.
Up to now, ability of prokaryotes to grow on lipids has been shown only for bacteria. Thermococcus sibiricus, member of the phylum Euryarchaeota isolated from a high-temperature oil well and capable of growth on olive oil, is the only exception. The present work reports isolation of a pure culture of a strictly anaerobic archaeon, strain 3639Fd (=VKM B-3509, =KCTC 25228) from a Kamchatka thermal spring, capable of growth on various lipids (tributyrin, triolein, and sesame, cottonseed, and sunflower oil) at 70 degrees C and pH 5.5-6.0. Growth on tributyrin resulted in formation of butyrate, CO2, and hydrogen. According to the results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization, the isolate was classified as a strain of Fervidicoccus fontis, an archaeon of the phylum Crenarchaeota. The closest characterized homologs of the alpha/beta-hydrolases, encoded in the genomes of F. fontis 3639Fd and of the type strain of this species, Kam940(T), were various carboxyl esterases (EC 3.1.1), the enzymes responsible for lipid hydrolysis. Thus, F. fontis is the first crenarchaeon able to obtain energy by hydrolysis of lipid substrates.
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