Journal
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
Volume 21, Issue -, Pages 1372-1392Publisher
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.2741/4462
Keywords
Heparin; Anticoagulation; Anticoagulants; Bovine Heparin; Bioengineered Heparin; Review
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [HL125371, HL094463, GM102137, HL62244, HL096972]
- Heparin Consortium
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Heparin, a sulfated polysaccharide, has been used as a clinical anticoagulant for over 90 years. Newer anticoagulants, introduced for certain specialized applications, have not significantly displaced heparin and newer heparin-based anticoagulants in most medical procedures. This chapter, while reviewing anticoagulation and these newer anticoagulants, focuses on heparin-based anticoagulants, including unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparins and ultra-low molecular weight heparins. Heparin's structures and its biological and therapeutic roles are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on heparin's therapeutic application and its adverse effects. The future prospects are excellent for new heparins and new heparin-based therapeutics with improved properties.
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