Journal
FREE RADICAL RESEARCH
Volume 50, Issue -, Pages S40-S50Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1231403
Keywords
Membrane fluidity; functional two photon microscopy; lipidomic analysis; saturated fatty acids; lipoproteins
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Funding
- COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action CM1201 on Biomimetic Radical Chemistry
- Short-Term Scientific Mission (STSM) fellowships
- Legacy Heritage Biomedical Science Partnership of the Israel Science Foundation of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities [1429/13]
- Vigevani Foundation
- Brettler Center for Research of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics in the Hebrew University
- RioPharm Pharmaceuticals (Patras, Greece)
- Greek General Secretariat of Research and Technology [LS4-858]
- action Siemens Excellence award
- EC3HDLglucose - Hellenic State Scholarships Foundation
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Metabolic homeostasis of fatty acids is complex and well-regulated in all organisms. The biosynthesis of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in mammals provides substrates for beta-oxidation and ATP production. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) are products of desaturases that introduce a methylene group in cis geometry in SFA. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 and n-3 PUFA) are products of elongation and desaturation of the essential linoleic acid and a-linolenic acid, respectively. The liver processes dietary fatty acids and exports them in lipoproteins for distribution and storage in peripheral tissues. The three types of fatty acids are integrated in membrane phospholipids and determine their biophysical properties and functions. This study was aimed at investigating effects of fatty acids on membrane biophysical properties under varying nutritional and pathological conditions, by integrating lipidomic analysis of membrane phospholipids with functional two-photon microscopy (fTPM) of cellular membranes. This approach was applied to two case studies: first, pancreatic beta-cells, to investigate hormetic and detrimental effects of lipids. Second, red blood cells extracted from a genetic mouse model defective in lipoproteins, to understand the role of lipids in hepatic diseases and metabolic syndrome and their effect on circulating cells.
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