Journal
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
Volume 84, Issue 22, Pages 901-913Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1951910
Keywords
Daphnia similis; Vibrio fischeri; petroleum extraction; produced water; toxicity; advanced oxidative processes
Funding
- CAPES [001]
- CNPq [465571/2014-0]
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation [2014/50945-4, 2018/01010-3, 2019/03940-0]
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The water produced by the petroleum industry can be a potential contaminant to aquatic biota, with treatments such as photocatalysis showing more efficiency in decreasing toxicity of the water sample on aquatic organisms. It is important to treat petroleum wastewater before disposal to mitigate ecotoxicological impacts.
The water produced (PW) by the petroleum industry is a potential contaminant to aquatic biota, due to its complex mixture that may contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organic chemical compounds, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX), metals and other components that are known to be toxic. The aim of this investigation was to examine the acute toxicity produced by a PW sample in aquatic organisms Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia similis prior to and after 4 treatments using advanced oxidative processes such as photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, ozonation and photoelectrocatalytic ozonation. Data demonstrated that exposure to PW was toxic to both organisms, as evidenced by reduced luminescence in bacterium Vibrio fischeri and induced immobility in Daphnia similis. After treatment of PW with 4 different techniques, the PW remained toxic for both tested organisms. However, photoelectrocatalysis was more efficient in decreasing toxicity attributed to PW sample. Therefore, data demonstrate the importance of treating PW for later disposal in the environment in order to mitigate ecotoxicological impacts. Further photoelectrocatalysis appeared to be a promising tool for treating PW samples prior to disposal and exposure of aquatic ecosystems.
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