Journal
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
Volume 28, Issue 6, Pages 541-549Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S1355617721000801
Keywords
Sex-differences; Familial Alzheimer's disease; Presenilin-1; Episodic memory; Preclinical dementia; Memory disorders
Categories
Funding
- NIH National Institute of Aging [RO1AG054671]
- Office of the Director [DP5OD019833]
- MGH ECOR Clafin Distinguished Scholar Award
- MGH Physician/Scientist Development Award
- Alzheimer's Association
- NIA [K23AG061276]
- Alzheimer's Association [2019-AARF-644631]
- NHLBI [5T32HL007901-22]
- National Institutes of Health
- Comite para el Desarrollo de la Investigacion (CODI-UdeA)
- COLCIENCIAS
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Research findings suggest that in ADAD patients, women are more likely to experience cognitive decline compared to men, and female SCD is more strongly associated with worse memory performance. Therefore, future studies should consider sex differences when recruiting samples and conducting clinical trials.
Objective: Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) may be an early indicator of risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Findings regarding sex differences in SCD are inconsistent. Studying sex differences in SCD within cognitively unimpaired individuals with autosomal-dominant AD (ADAD), who will develop dementia, may inform sex-related SCD variations in preclinical AD. We examined sex differences in SCD within cognitively unimpaired mutation carriers from the world's largest ADAD kindred and sex differences in the relationship between SCD and memory performance. Methods: We included 310 cognitively unimpaired Presenilin-1 (PSEN-1) E280A mutation carriers (51% females) and 1998 noncarrier family members (56% females) in the study. Subjects and their study partners completed SCD questionnaires and the CERAD word list delayed recall test. ANCOVAs were conducted to examine group differences in SCD, sex, and memory performance. In carriers, partial correlations were used to examine associations between SCD and memory performance covarying for education. Results: Females in both groups had greater self-reported and study partner-reported SCD than males (all p < 0.001). In female mutation carriers, greater self-reported (p = 0.02) and study partner-reported SCD (p < 0.001) were associated with worse verbal memory. In male mutation carriers, greater self-reported (p = 0.03), but not study partner-reported SCD (p = 0.11) was associated with worse verbal memory. Conclusions: Study partner-reported SCD may be a stronger indicator of memory decline in females versus males in individuals at risk for developing dementia. Future studies with independent samples and preclinical trials should consider sex differences when recruiting based on SCD criteria.
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