Journal
JOURNAL OF SOUTH AMERICAN EARTH SCIENCES
Volume 111, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103470
Keywords
Organophosphatic brachiopods; Ostracods; Bivalve mollusks; Hirnantian; Taphofacies
Categories
Funding
- FAPESP [2017/10956-5]
- CNPq [459776/2014-2]
- CAPES
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This study focuses on the boundary between the Ordovician and Silurian in the Paraná Basin in Brazil, examining a fossil assemblage that suggests a Hirnantian age. The taphonomic signatures and facies associations point to a pro-glacial environment followed by post-glacial conditions in an offshore setting. The low faunal diversity indicates marine connections between different basins.
Unlike other South American basins, the boundary between Ordovician and Silurian in the Paran ' a Basin, Brazil, has yet to be studied in detail. This article reports the occurrence and taphonomic analysis of a fauna composed of the organophosphatic brachiopods Kosoidea australis and ?Palaeoglossa sp., the mollusks ?Paleoneilo sp. and ? Cuneamya sp., besides rynchonelliform brachiopods and the ostracods Harpabollia sp. and Satiellina paranaensis. This assemblage indicates a Hirnantian age for the top of the Iap ' o and the base of the Vila Maria formations, northeastern border of the Paran ' a Basin. Taphonomic signatures and facies associations point to a pro-glacial environment, at the transitional shoreface, represented by the last sedimentary facies of the Iap ' o Formation. The overlying transgressive strata represent the beginning of the Vila Maria Formation, in which fossils and lithofacies indicate predominant post-glacial conditions in an offshore setting. Two taphofacies were delineated. One features size- and type-selected fossils, deposited in rain-out facies originated from the melting glacier. The second, with autochthonous to parautochthonous fossils, represents a post-glacial offshore setting. The low faunal diversity points to marine connections between North and South African basins, and with South American basins.
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