Journal
JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH
Volume 71, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12754
Keywords
coronaviruses; indoles; melatonin; porcine delta coronavirus; porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; transmissible gastroenteritis virus; virus replication
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of Outstanding Youth Fund in China (NSFC) [31922081]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFD0500101]
- Young Top-Notch Talents of National Ten Thousand Talent Program
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Y0201900459]
- Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province of China [NY-045]
- Bioinformatics Center of Nanjing Agricultural University
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The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed gaps in our knowledge of animal coronavirus prevention and control, while indoles show potential activity against swine coronaviruses. Molecules such as melatonin can inhibit viral replication in cells, providing a basis for the development of new treatments.
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), highlights major gaps in our knowledge on the prevention control and cross-species transmission mechanisms of animal coronaviruses. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) are three common swine coronaviruses and have similar clinical features. In the absence of effective treatments, they have led to significant economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. We reported that indoles exerted potent activity against swine coronaviruses, the molecules used included melatonin, indole, tryptamine, and L-tryptophan. Herein, we did further systematic studies with melatonin, a ubiquitous and versatile molecule, and found it inhibited TGEV, PEDV, and PDCoV infection in PK-15, Vero, or LLC-PK1 cells by reducing viral entry and replication, respectively. Collectively, we provide the molecular basis for the development of new treatments based on the ability of indoles to control TGEV, PEDV, and PDCoV infection and spread.
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