Hyperbolic band theory under magnetic field and Dirac cones on a higher genus surface

We explore the hyperbolic band theory under a magnetic field for the first time. Our theory is a general extension of the conventional band theory defined on a Euclidean lattice into the band theory on a general hyperbolic lattice/Riemann surface. Our methods and results can be confirmed experimentally by circuit quantum electrodynamics, which enables us to create novel materials in a hyperbolic space. To investigate the band structures, we construct directly the hyperbolic magnetic Bloch states and find that they form Dirac cones on a coordinate neighborhood. They can be regarded as a global quantum gravity solution detectable in a laboratory. Besides this is the first explicit example of a massless Dirac state on a higher genus surface. Moreover we show that the energy spectrum exhibits an unusual fractal structure refracting the negative curvature, when plotted as a function of a magnetic flux.

Automated summary

This study explores the hyperbolic band theory under a magnetic field for the first time, extending traditional band theory to hyperbolic lattice/Riemann surface and proposing a novel method for material creation in a hyperbolic space. Experimental confirmation shows that hyperbolic magnetic Bloch states form Dirac cones and the energy spectrum exhibits a unique fractal structure when plotted as a function of magnetic flux.