4.6 Article

Controlling Oriented Attachment of Gold Nanoparticles by Size and Shape

Journal

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
Volume 125, Issue 37, Pages 20343-20350

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c05937

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The concept of utilizing nanoparticles as building blocks presents new opportunities for creating complex structures from nano- to mesoscale. By controlling the assembly of gold nanoparticles using induced dipole-dipole interactions, one-dimensional structures can be formed in solution. Different shaped nanoparticles were analyzed individually, with an ideal size and shape identified for induced dipole-driven assembly.
The concept of nanoparticles (NPs) as building blocks offers new possibilities to produce complex and tailored structures from the nano- to the mesoscale. In order to control a polymerization of particles, knowledge of the mechanism and kinetics of the reaction are necessary. We show that controlled assembly of cetylpyridinium chloride-stabilized gold NPs utilizing induced dipole-dipole interactions can lead to the formation of defined one-dimensional structures in solution. Three different shaped NPs (cubes, octahedra, and truncated cuboctahedra) were investigated individually. The assembly process is analogous to a step growth polymerization and is quantitatively describable with kinetics of a polyesterification. In situ kinetic studies reveal that there is an ideal particle size and shape for the induced dipole-driven assembly. Even small changes in size have remarkable effects on the assembly behavior. We further demonstrate that the transition from oriented assembly to oriented attachment requires a critical particle size (critical interface area) resulting from a size-dependent energy barrier for the crystallographic fusion. A combination of ideal size, shape, and degree of destabilization enables controlled oriented attachment of gold NPs in solution to chainlike structures under ambient conditions.

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