Insight into SEI Growth in Li-Ion Batteries using Molecular Dynamics and Accelerated Chemical Reactions

The performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) using organic electrolytes strongly depends on the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film. Elucidating the dynamic evolution and spatial composition of the SEI can be very useful to study the stability of SEI components and help optimize the formation cycles of LIB. We propose a classical molecular dynamics simulation protocol for predicting the first stages of SEI formation using a reaction method involving the decomposition of EC and LiPF6 molecules in the electrolyte. We accelerate the formation of SEI components near the anode surface by increasing the probability of reactions, implemented through a geometry matching scheme, followed by a force-field reconfiguration. We observe the formation of gases (C2H4), inorganic (Li2CO3 and LiF) and organic (LEDC) components. This protocol shows promise to be able to evaluate the effects of varying electrolyte compositions and additives on SEI layer structure and composition.

Automated summary

A classical molecular dynamics simulation protocol is proposed to predict the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in lithium-ion batteries using organic electrolytes. By accelerating the formation of SEI components near the anode surface, the protocol can evaluate the effects of varying electrolyte compositions and additives on SEI layer structure and composition. Gases, inorganic, and organic components are observed during the SEI formation process.