A third booster dose may be necessary to mitigate neutralizing antibody fading after inoculation with two doses of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

Article Infectious Diseases

Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, BBV152: a double-blind, randomised, phase 1 trial

Raches Ella et al.

Summary: The BBV152 vaccine demonstrated tolerable safety outcomes and enhanced immune responses in this clinical trial, leading to selection of both Algel-IMDG formulations for phase 2 immunogenicity trials. Further efficacy trials are warranted to validate the vaccine's effectiveness.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

T cell and antibody kinetics delineate SARS-CoV-2 peptides mediating long-term immune responses in COVID-19 convalescent individuals

Tatjana Bilich et al.

Summary: The study found that antibody responses in COVID-19 convalescent individuals decreased or remained stable within 6 months, while T cell responses showed a robust increase. T cell responses included key epitopes that mediate long-term SARS-CoV-2 immunity.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Comparative analysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 between asymptomatic and convalescent patients

Connor J. Dwyer et al.

Summary: The study shows that healthy individuals can mount robust immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 without symptoms, with strong antibody responses and ACE2 binding inhibition. In contrast, symptomatic patients had decreased antibody responses and ACE2 binding inhibition.

ISCIENCE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of 2 Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines on Symptomatic COVID-19 Infection in Adults A Randomized Clinical Trial

Nawal Al Kaabi et al.

Summary: This interim analysis of an ongoing randomized trial in the UAE and Bahrain evaluated the efficacy of two inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in preventing symptomatic cases and adverse events in healthy adults. The study found that both vaccines significantly reduced the risk of symptomatic COVID-19 compared to the control group, with efficacy rates of 72.8% and 78.1%. Serious adverse events were rare across all groups.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces long-lived bone marrow plasma cells in humans

Jackson S. Turner et al.

Summary: The study found that individuals who had recovered from mild SARS-CoV-2 infections showed rapid decline of serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies in the first 4 months after infection, followed by a more gradual decrease over the following 7 months but remaining detectable at least 11 months after infection. This suggests that mild infection with SARS-CoV-2 can induce robust antigen-specific, long-lived humoral immune memory in humans.

NATURE (2021)

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Letter Immunology

Intensified antibody response elicited by boost suggests immune memory in individuals administered two doses of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine

Yun Liao et al.

Summary: A study on individuals who received an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine showed a decrease in neutralizing antibodies over time, but the waning of antibodies does not necessarily indicate a loss of immunity.

EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Longitudinal analysis of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in convalescent individuals up to 8 months post-symptom onset

Sai Priya Anand et al.

Summary: Recent research on convalescent individuals of COVID-19 has shown a decline in antibody levels in plasma, while specific memory B cells remain present. IgM antibodies against Spike and RBD decay rapidly, whereas IgG decline is less significant. Understanding these immune memory responses is crucial for secondary infection prevention and vaccine efficacy.

CELL REPORTS MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal