Blood analytes of electrocuted mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) in the Nicoya peninsula of Costa Rica

Background Several species of Costa Rican wildlife are suffering terrible injuries along the power lines in rural areas of the country due to the increasing human development in rural areas, but this has also brought the problem of poorly designed electric infrastructure, where arboreal mammals find their normal tree routes cut down so that the only way for them to cross is on the power lines where they can get electrocuted. Methods Blood samples for complete blood count (CBC) and biochemistry panels (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, amylase, total bilirubin, plasma urea, Ca, P, creatinine, glucose, Na, K, total protein, globulins, and albumin) were collected from 34 electrocuted mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) individuals that arrived at the Nosara Refuge for Wildlife between May 2018 and May 2019. Results From the total sample, 18 were males (11 juveniles and eight adults), and 16 were females (six juveniles and 10 adults). From those individuals, 13 animals survived: five females (three juveniles and two adults) and eight males (six juveniles and two adults). Then, 22 animals died after the event from 1 to 102 days (22.41 +/- 31.17) after they arrived at the center. Of these 22 animals, 11 were females (three juveniles and eight adults), and 11 were males (six juveniles and five adults). Conclusions The preliminary results showed significant differences in the plasma glucose, with adults being significantly higher than the juveniles, and there was also a significant difference in the plasma urea with the deceased ones being higher than the ones that survived the incident. These results may provide a better way to understand and predict the possible outcome of an electrical accident with these primates and assist with returning them back to their natural environment in the least time possible.

Automated summary

Wildlife in rural Costa Rica are suffering injuries from power lines due to increasing human development. Blood tests on electrocuted mantled howler monkeys showed significant differences in plasma glucose levels between adults and juveniles, as well as in plasma urea levels between deceased and surviving individuals.