Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 411, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125135
Keywords
Antibiotic resistance gene; Bacterial community; Mature compost; Swine manure
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41671474, 41601531]
- Science and Technology Plan Key Project of Shaanxi Province [2017ZDCXL-SF-03-03]
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Livestock manure is a major source of antibiotic resistance genes entering the environment. Inoculation with mature compost prolonged the thermophilic period and promoted the decomposition of organic matter during swine manure composting. The reduction of ARGs and MGEs, especially sulfanilamide resistance genes, was mainly attributed to the rapid growth and reproduction of thermophilic bacteria in the compost.
Livestock manure is a major source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that enter the environment. This study assessed the effects of inoculation with mature compost (MC) on the fates of ARGs and the bacterial community during swine manure composting. The results showed that MC prolonged the thermophilic period and promoted the decomposition of organic matter, which was due to the rapid growth and reproduction of thermophilic bacteria (Bacillus, Thermobifida, and Thermobacillus). MC significantly reduced the relative abundances of ARGs (1.02 logs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) (1.70 logs) after composting, especially sulfanilamide resistance genes. The total ARGs removal rate was 1.11 times higher in MC than the control. Redundancy analysis and structural equation modeling showed that horizontal gene transfer mediated by MGEs (ISCR1 and intI1) was the main direct factor related to the changes in ARGs during composting, whereas the C/N ratio and pH were the two most important indirect factors. Network analysis showed that members of Firmicutes comprising Romboutsia, Clostridisensu_stricto_1, and Terrisporobacter were the main bacterial hosts of ARGs and MGEs. MC reduced the risk of ARGs transmission by decreasing the abundances of bacterial hosts. Thus, MC is a promising strategy for reducing the proliferation risk of ARGs.
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