Journal
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
Volume 48, Issue 7, Pages 582-594Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.06.014
Keywords
Anlotinib; Oral squamous cell carcinoma; NOX5; Oxidative stress; Oxidative phosphorylation; Mitochondrial respiration function
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC 81672659]
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Anlotinib demonstrates promising anticancer activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma by suppressing mitochondrial respiration, inducing redox imbalance through NOX5, and inhibiting the AKT/eIF2α pathway.
Anlotinib, a novel multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has shown promising results in the management of various carcinomas. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor activity of anlotinib in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and the underlying molecular mechanism. A retrospective clinical study revealed that anlotinib improved the median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) of patients with recurrent and metastatic (R/M) OSCC, respectively. Functional studies revealed that anlotinib markedly inhibited in vitro proliferation of OSCC cells and impeded in vivo tumor growth of OSCC patientderived xenograft models. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing identified that oxidative stress, oxidative phosphorylation and AKT/mTOR signaling were involved in anlotinib-treated OSCC cells. Anlotinib upregulated NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) expression, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, impaired mitochondrial respiration, and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, anlotinb also inhibited phosphoAkt (p-AKT) expression and elevated p-eIF2 alpha expression in OSCC cells. NOX5 knockdown attenuated these inhibitory effects and cytotoxicity in anlotinib-treated OSCC cells. Collectively, we demonstrated that anlotinib monotherapy demonstrated favorable anticancer activity and manageable toxicities in patients with R/M OSCC. The antitumor activity of anlotinib in OSCC may be mainly involved in the suppression of mitochondrial respiration via NOX5-mediated redox imbalance and the AKT/eIF2 alpha pathway. Copyright (C) 2021, The Authors. Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Genetics Society of China. Published by Elsevier Limited and Science Press.
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