Journal
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
Volume 44, Issue 12, Pages 2043-2053Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13519
Keywords
bioassay; electron microscopy; giant gourami; infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus; Megalocytivirus; Osphronemus goramy; PCR
Funding
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, DDG (Fy) Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
- National Surveillance Programme of Aquatic Animal Diseases, National Fisheries Development Board, Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries [NFDB/Coord/NBFGR/2012-13/16720]
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, India
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This study isolated ISKNV from diseased giant gourami in India, confirming its pathogenicity. The research highlights the importance of implementing stringent biosecurity measures to control the disease.
Megalocytivirus cause diseases that have serious economic impacts on aquaculture, mainly in East and South-East Asia. Five primary genotypes are known: infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), turbot reddish body iridovirus (TRBIV), threespine stickleback iridovirus (TSIV) and scale drop disease virus (SDDV). ISKNV-mediated infectious spleen and kidney necrosis disease (ISKND) is a major viral disease in both freshwater and marine fish species. In this study, we report the isolation of ISKNV from diseased giant gourami, Osphronemus goramy, in India. Transmission electron microscopy of ultrathin sections of kidney and spleen revealed the presence of numerous polygonal naked viral particles having an outer nucleocapsid layer within the cytoplasm of enlarged cells (115-125 nm). Molecular and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the presence of ISKNV and the major capsid protein (MCP) (1,362 bp) gene in the infected fish had a high similarity to the other ISKNV-I isolates. Moreover, ISKNV was propagated in the Astronotus ocellatus fin (AOF) cell line and further confirmed genotypically. A high mortality rate (60%) was observed in gourami fish injected with ISKNV-positive tissue homogenate through challenge studies. Considering the lethal nature of ISKNV, the present study spotlights the implementation of stringent biosecurity practices for the proper control of the disease in the country.
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