Effect of disaccharides of different composition and linkage on corn and waxy corn starch retrogradation

The effect of disaccharides of different monosaccharide compositions and linkages on corn and waxy corn starch long-term retrogradation was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide X-ray diffraction (WXRD), and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. The disaccharides consisted of sucrose (glucose-fructose, alpha-1, 2 glycosidic bond), lactose (glucose-galactose, beta-1, 4 glycosidic bond), and maltose (glucose-glucose, alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond). DSC data showed that Delta H (melting enthalpy of retrograded starch) was reduced with the addition of sugars (maltose > lactose > sucrose > glucose > galactose > fructose). The WXRD results revealed that the disaccharides inhibited starch retrogradation. In addition, MD simulation, which was adapted to predict the interaction of disaccharides and starch, confirmed that the disaccharides reduced starch retrogradation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.