Journal
JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY
Volume 45, Issue 4, Pages 637-642Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/RCT.0000000000001174
Keywords
positron emission tomography; magnetic resonance imaging; deep learning; artificial intelligence; radiation exposure
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [NIBIB EB026708]
- Radiological Society of North America Medical Student Grant
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Radiology
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This study demonstrates the utility of deep learning enhancement in achieving diagnostic quality low-dose PET/MR imaging, with the potential to enable a significant reduction of radiotracer while obtaining images of diagnostic quality superior to standard-of-care imaging.
Objective To demonstrate the utility of deep learning enhancement (DLE) to achieve diagnostic quality low-dose positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Methods Twenty subjects with known Crohn disease underwent simultaneous PET/MR imaging after intravenous administration of approximately 185 MBq of F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Five image sets were generated: (1) standard-of-care (reference), (2) low-dose (ie, using 20% of PET counts), (3) DLE-enhanced low-dose using PET data as input, (4) DLE-enhanced low-dose using PET and MR data as input, and (5) DLE-enhanced using no PET data input. Image sets were evaluated by both quantitative metrics and qualitatively by expert readers. Results Although low-dose images (series 2) and images with no PET data input (series 5) were nondiagnostic, DLE of the low-dose images (series 3 and 4) achieved diagnostic quality images that scored more favorably than reference (series 1), both qualitatively and quantitatively. Conclusions Deep learning enhancement has the potential to enable a 90% reduction of radiotracer while achieving diagnostic quality images.
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