Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 59, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00986-21
Keywords
sapovirus; pediatric gastroenteritis; genotype; seasonality; repeated infection
Categories
Funding
- Alberta Provincial Pediatric EnTeric Infection TEam (APPETITE)
- Alberta Innovates-Team Collaborative Innovation Opportunity
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (Calgary, Alberta)
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute (Edmonton, Alberta)
- Alberta Children's Hospital Foundation Professorship in Child Health and Wellness
- Alberta Children's Hospital Foundation
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Sapovirus is a common cause of acute gastroenteritis in children with high genetic diversity. The virus can be detected year-round, with peak seasons during the winter months. There were no significant differences in the severity of gastroenteritis by genogroup or genotype.
Sapovirus is increasingly recognized as an important cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide; however, studies of sapovirus prevalence, genetic diversity, and strain-specific clinical implications have been scarce. To fill this knowledge gap, we used reverse transcription-real-time KR and sequencing of the partial major capsid protein VP1 gene to analyze stool specimens and rectal swabs obtained from 3,347 children with AGE and 1,355 asymptomatic controls (all <18 years old) collected between December 2014 and August 2018 in Alberta, Canada. Sapovirus was identified in 9.5% (317/3347) of the children with AGE and 2.9% of controls. GI.1 (36%) was the predominant genotype identified, followed by GI.2 (18%), GII.5 (8%), and GII.3 (6%). Rare genotypes GII.1, GII.2, GV.1, GII.4, GIV.1, GI.3, and GI.7 were also seen. Sapovirus was detected year-round, peaking during the winter months of November to January. The exception was the 2016-2017 season, when GI.2 overtook GI.1 as the predominant strain, with a high detection rate persisting into April. We did not observe significant difference in the severity of gastroenteritis by genogroup or genotype. Repeated infection by sapovirus of different genogroups occurred in three controls who developed AGE later. Our data suggest that sapovirus is a common cause of AGE in children with high genetic diversity.
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