Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 212, Issue -, Pages 512-520Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.178
Keywords
Ethiopia; Coffee; Trace elements; Inductively coupled plasma-optical; emission spectroscopy; Provenance; Linear discriminant analysis
Funding
- Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea [NRF-2013R1A1A2058857]
- National Research Foundation of Korea
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This study was aimed to establish the elemental profiling and provenance of coffee samples collected from eleven major coffee producing regions of Ethiopia. A total of 129 samples were analyzed for forty-five elements using inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-optical emission spectroscopy (OES), ICP-mass spectrometry (MS) and direct mercury analyzer (DMA). Among the macro elements, K showed the highest levels whereas Fe was found to have the lowest concentration values. In all the samples, Ca, K, Mg, P and S contents were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Micro elements showed the concentrations order of: Mn > Cu > Sr > Zn > Rb > Ni > B. Contents of the trace elements were lower than the permissible standard values. Inter-regions differentiation by cluster analysis (CA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that micro and trace elements are the best chemical descriptors of the analyzed coffee samples. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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