Numerical investigation of transient thermo-fluid processes in a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube

A 2D numerical investigation is performed to better understand the transient thermo-fluid processes in a vortex tube for a cold mass fraction equal to 0.44. The results along the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube reveal a close agreement with past numerical and experimental data. The distribution of axial, radial, and tangential velocities as well as the stagnation pressure and temperature are examined at different positions for different time steps. The results indicate that the tangential velocity is the most significant velocity component and dominates the heat transfer and energy conversion processes. In addition, it is evident that the core of the cold end experiences the highest pressure gradient along with almost zero tangential and radial velocities. The maximum axial velocity appears close to the inlet and its value increases with higher cold mass fractions due to higher pressure gradient which may lead to the enlargement of the inner vortex. The impact of different cold mass fractions in the range of 0.22 - 0.82 at tube length ratios x/L equal to 0.05, 0.5, and 0.9 for different time steps are examined. The results indicate that there is relatively no vortex decomposition near the cold outlet.

Automated summary

A 2D numerical investigation was carried out on the transient thermo-fluid processes in a vortex tube with a cold mass fraction of 0.44, revealing that the tangential velocity is the most significant velocity component and dominates the heat transfer and energy conversion processes. Additionally, the core of the tube experiences the highest pressure gradient and almost zero tangential and radial velocities.