pH responsive release of paclitaxel by self-assembling Chitosan-ethyl vanillin@GNRs nanocomposites

Carboxylation chitosan achieved by alkalization linked with ethyl vanillin to obtain Chitosan-ethyl vanillin (EVCMCS) compound through Schiff base reaction and confirmed by FT-IR, UV, XRD, TG and NMR. EV-CMCS refluxed with GNRs for acquisition of EV-CMCS@GNRs nanocomposites for PTX Loading and release. Results demonstrated that both EV-CMCS and EV-CMCS@GNRs are nanoscale composites with excellent solubilization due to their micelle structure taking CMC values of 0.06683 mg/mL and 0.06537 mg/mL. It was found that the loading and encapsulation rate of EV-CMCS and EV-CMCS@GNRs for PTX are 19.59-37.64% and 60.36-80.79% as well as 20.99-37.02% and 58.78-79.77%. Compared with only the delayed release of EVCMCS that it have 11.5% and 18.7% accumulative release amount for 24 h and 14.9% and 23.7% for 48 h under both pH 6.8 and 7.4, the EV-CMCS@GNRs represent sudden release that it have an accumulative release amount of 90.2% for 24 h and 96.0% for 48 h at pH 6.8. It deduced that the broken Schiff base under acidic condition can increase CMC of EV-CMCS@GNRs, which offered an alternative way for paclitaxel delivery for tumor therapy.

Automated summary

Carboxylation of chitosan and ethyl vanillin led to the formation of EV-CMCS, which was then used to create EV-CMCS@GNRs nanocomposites for PTX loading and release. The presence of a broken Schiff base under acidic conditions increased the CMC of EV-CMCS@GNRs, offering a new approach for delivering paclitaxel for tumor therapy.