Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
Volume 16, Issue -, Pages 5301-5315Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S323033
Keywords
mesoporous hydroxylapatite; polarization; bone regeneration; ursolic acid; drug delivery
Funding
- Dean's Research Fund of Jinan Stomatological Hospital [202102]
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The MHAP-CS-UA scaffolds exhibit good anti-inflammatory, osseointegration, osteoinductive, and bone regeneration properties, making them promising candidates for the treatment of bone diseases.
Purpose: Mesoporous hydroxylapatite (MHAP) might be important for bone regeneration, and ursolic acid (UA) has anti-inflammatory effects. Accordingly, we developed, for the first time, ursolic acid-loaded MHAP-chitosan (MHAP-CS-UA) scaffolds to treat bone defects. Methods: In vitro, we synthesize biomaterial scaffolds. By SEM, XRD, EDS and FTIR, we test the performance of the hybrid scaffolds. By drug release, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, alizarin red staining, and Western blotting, we test the anti-inflammatory and osteoinductive properties of scaffolds. In vivo, we verify osseointegration ability and bone regeneration. Results: The MHAP is a rod-shaped structure with a length of 100 similar to 300nm and a diameter of 40 similar to 60nm. The critical structure gives the micro-scaffold a property of control release due to the pore sizes of 1.6 similar to 4.3 nm in hydroxyapatite and the hydrogen bonding between the scaffolds and UA drugs. The released UA drugs could notably inhibit the polarization of macrophages to pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1 type) and promote the expression of osteogenic-related genes (COL1, ALP and OPG) and osteogenic-related proteins (BMP-2, RUNX2 and COL1). Conclusion: The MHAP-CS-UA scaffolds have good anti-inflammatory, osseointegration, osteo-inductivity and bone regeneration. And they will be the novel and promising candidates to cure the bone disease.
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