Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147287
Keywords
neuropeptide Y; nucleus accumbens; NPY receptors; fat intake; emotional behavior
Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [25290014, 17H03553]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17H03553] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a significant role in the brain, mainly mediating physiological and behavioral effects through Y1, Y2, and Y5 receptors in regions regulating various functions. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) has high levels of NPY concentration, contributing to functions like alcohol intake and emotional behavior. NPY in the NAc affects physiological and pathophysiological actions through neuroendocrine mechanisms and the autonomic nervous system.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY), an abundant peptide in the central nervous system, is expressed in neurons of various regions throughout the brain. The physiological and behavioral effects of NPY are mainly mediated through Y1, Y2, and Y5 receptor subtypes, which are expressed in regions regulating food intake, fear and anxiety, learning and memory, depression, and posttraumatic stress. In particular, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) has one of the highest NPY concentrations in the brain. In this review, we summarize the role of NPY in the NAc. NPY is expressed principally in medium-sized aspiny neurons, and numerous NPY immunoreactive fibers are observed in the NAc. Alterations in NPY expression under certain conditions through intra-NAc injections of NPY or receptor agonists/antagonists revealed NPY to be involved in the characteristic functions of the NAc, such as alcohol intake and drug addiction. In addition, control of mesolimbic dopaminergic release via NPY receptors may take part in these functions. NPY in the NAc also participates in fat intake and emotional behavior. Accumbal NPY neurons and fibers may exert physiological and pathophysiological actions partly through neuroendocrine mechanisms and the autonomic nervous system.
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