Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 13, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136865
Keywords
bone degradation; osteosarcoma; bone metastasis; vicious cycle; osteoclast
Funding
- Danish Cancer Society [R90-A5989, R231-A13820]
- Novo Nordisk Foundation [NNF19OC0058603]
- Danish Foundation for Experimental Cancer Research
- Research Foundation of the Danish Capital Region (Region Hovedstadens Forskningsfond)
- Sundhed og Sygdom, Det Frie Forskningsrad [4092-00387B]
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Cancer-induced bone degradation involves osteoclasts and cancer cells contributing to the degradation process and interacting with each other in the pathological process of primary bone cancers and bone metastases.
Cancer-induced bone degradation is part of the pathological process associated with both primary bone cancers, such as osteosarcoma, and bone metastases originating from, e.g., breast, prostate, and colon carcinomas. Typically, this includes a cancer-dependent hijacking of processes also occurring during physiological bone remodeling, including osteoclast-mediated disruption of the inorganic bone component and collagenolysis. Extensive research has revealed the significance of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption throughout the course of disease for both primary and secondary bone cancer. Nevertheless, cancer cells representing both primary bone cancer and bone metastasis have also been implicated directly in bone degradation. We will present and discuss observations on the contribution of osteoclasts and cancer cells in cancer-associated bone degradation and reciprocal modulatory actions between these cells. The focus of this review is osteosarcoma, but we will also include relevant observations from studies of bone metastasis. Additionally, we propose a model for cancer-associated bone degradation that involves a collaboration between osteoclasts and cancer cells and in which both cell types may directly participate in the degradation process.
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