Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 17, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179307
Keywords
centrosome; developmental disorders; DNA damage repair; p53; ribosome; telomere
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology [109-2811-B-001-529]
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The tumor suppressor gene p53 plays a critical role in preventing tumor progression, but inappropriate activation of p53 can lead to various human inherited disorders. Genes related to these disorders are involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA damage-repair pathways, and other cellular processes, which may result in excessive p53 activation and developmental defects. Mouse models have shown that inactivation of p53 can alleviate disorder-related phenotypes, and potential therapeutic strategies for genetic disorders associated with p53 misactivation are being discussed.
The tumor suppressor p53 is critical for preventing neoplastic transformation and tumor progression. Inappropriate activation of p53, however, has been observed in a number of human inherited disorders that most often affect development of the brain, craniofacial region, limb skeleton, and hematopoietic system. Genes related to these developmental disorders are essentially involved in transcriptional regulation/chromatin remodeling, rRNA metabolism, DNA damage-repair pathways, telomere maintenance, and centrosome biogenesis. Perturbation of these activities or cellular processes may result in p53 accumulation in cell cultures, animal models, and perhaps humans as well. Mouse models of several p53 activation-associated disorders essentially recapitulate human traits, and inactivation of p53 in these models can alleviate disorder-related phenotypes. In the present review, we focus on how dysfunction of the aforementioned biological processes causes developmental defects via excessive p53 activation. Notably, several disease-related genes exert a pleiotropic effect on those cellular processes, which may modulate the magnitude of p53 activation and establish or disrupt regulatory loops. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies for genetic disorders associated with p53 misactivation.
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