Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116143
Keywords
Aeginetia indica; Orobanchaceae; plastid; mitogenome; intracellular gene transfer (IGT); horizontal gene transfer (HGT); cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)
Funding
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2020R1I1A1A01072442]
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The study assembled the complete chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of Aeginetia indica, revealing that its chloroplast genome shows massive plastid genes with the loss of one IR, while the mitochondrial genome encodes 53 genes and evidence of intracellular and horizontal gene transfers. Potential candidate gene for causing cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) development in A. indica is Cox2 (orf43).
Orobanchaceae have become a model group for studies on the evolution of parasitic flowering plants, and Aeginetia indica, a holoparasitic plant, is a member of this family. In this study, we assembled the complete chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of A. indica. The chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes were 56,381 bp and 401,628 bp long, respectively. The chloroplast genome of A. indica shows massive plastid genes and the loss of one IR (inverted repeat). A comparison of the A. indica chloroplast genome sequence with that of a previous study demonstrated that the two chloroplast genomes encode a similar number of proteins (except atpH) but differ greatly in length. The A. indica mitochondrial genome has 53 genes, including 35 protein-coding genes (34 native mitochondrial genes and one chloroplast gene), 15 tRNA (11 native mitochondrial genes and four chloroplast genes) genes, and three rRNA genes. Evidence for intracellular gene transfer (IGT) and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) was obtained for plastid and mitochondrial genomes. psi ndhB and psi cemA in the A. indica mitogenome were transferred from the plastid genome of A. indica. The atpH gene in the plastid of A. indica was transferred from another plastid angiosperm plastid and the atpI gene in mitogenome A. indica was transferred from a host plant like Miscanthus siensis. Cox2 (orf43) encodes proteins containing a membrane domain, making ORF (Open Reading Frame) the most likely candidate gene for CMS development in A. indica.
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