Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 13, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137177
Keywords
brown adipose tissue; cell therapy; CRISPR technology; diabetes; gene therapy; thermogenic adipocytes; obesity
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan Government [MOST 105-2811-B-715-003, MOST 106-2320-B-371-002, MOST 106-2627-M371-001, MOST 107-2320-B-371-002, MOST 108-2320-B-371-001, MOST 109-2320-B-371-004, MOST 110-2320-B-039 -063-MY3]
- Changhua Christian Hospital [108-CCH-MST-168, 108-CCH-IST-149]
- China Medical University [10951L4]
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Obesity and related metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, prompting the exploration of strategies to combat these conditions by activating brown adipose tissue and converting white adipose tissue to beige fat to increase energy expenditure. Recent advancements in utilizing thermogenic adipocytes through genetic, pharmacological, and cell-based approaches for the treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders in mice and humans are promising for therapeutic potential.
There is a rapidly increasing prevalence of obesity and related metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes worldwide. White adipose tissue (WAT) stores excess energy, whereas brown and beige adipose tissues consume energy to generate heat in the process of thermogenesis. Adaptive thermogenesis occurs in response to environmental cues as a means of generating heat by dissipating stored chemical energy. Due to its cumulative nature, very small differences in energy expenditure from adaptive thermogenesis can have a significant impact on systemic metabolism over time. Targeting brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation and converting WAT to beige fat as a method to increase energy expenditure is one of the promising strategies to combat obesity. In this review, we discuss the activation of the thermogenic process in response to physiological conditions. We highlight recent advances in harnessing the therapeutic potential of thermogenic adipocytes by genetic, pharmacological and cell-based approaches in the treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders in mice and the human.
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