Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL
Volume 109, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2021.103378
Keywords
Fracture; Flow-through drying; Evaporation; Formation dry-out; Supercritical CO2; Effective normal stress
Categories
Funding
- ETH Research Grant [ETH-02 162]
- SNSF R'Equip Grant [177031]
- Werner Siemens Foundation
- Swiss Federal Commission for a Scholarships for Foreign Students (FCS)
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Research indicates that injecting scCO2 into fractured reservoirs under high compressive stress reduces the mobility of brine and increases the mobility of scCO2 phase, leading to channeling and decreased brine sweep efficiency. Lowering compressive stress helps to decrease water evaporation.
Injecting supercritical CO2 (scCO2) into brine-filled fracture-dominated reservoirs causes brine displacement and possibly evaporite precipitations that alter the fracture space. Here, we report on isothermal laboratory experiments on scCO2-induced flow-through drying in a naturally fractured granodiorite specimen under effective normal stresses of 5-10 MPa, where two drying regimes are identified. A novel approach is developed to delineate the evolution of brine saturation and relative permeability from fluid production and differential pressure measurements. Under higher compressive stresses, the derived relative permeability curves indicate lower mobility of brine and higher mobility of the scCO2 phase. The derived fractional flow curves also suggest an increase in channelling and a decrease in brine sweep efficiencies under higher compressive stresses. Finally, lowering compressive stresses seems to promote less water evaporation. Our experimental results assist in understanding the injectivity of single fractures and eventually of fracture networks during subsurface applications that involve scCO2 injection into saline formations.
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