Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
Volume 45, Issue 14, Pages 20057-20072Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/er.7083
Keywords
high-temperature PEM fuel cells; lignin; polybenzimidazole; TiO2 nanoparticles
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By incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles, the high-temperature porous nanocomposite membranes showed increased acid storage ability, leading to enhanced proton conductivity and high performance in fuel cell applications.
The high-temperature porous nanocomposite membranes based on polybenzimidazole and lignin with incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles with high acid retaining ability were prepared and used in fuel cell. The effect of adding TiO2 nanoparticles was investigated on micro structure and physical properties of PBI membrane. The TiO2 nanoparticles prevent of open-surface micro-pores formation and the evaporation of phosphoric acid at high temperature from PBI matrix. The number of open voids within the nanocomposite membranes was reduced by increasing the content of TiO2 nanoparticles in membrane. Therefore, the proton conductivity of the nanocomposite membranes enhanced due to increasing of acid storage ability at the high temperatures. At temperature of 160 degrees C, the proton conductivity of the nanocomposite membrane obtained 176 mS/cm. The power density of 0.58 W/cm(2) was achieved for PBI-lignin-TiO2 nanocomposite membranes (lignin/PBI: 20 and 5.5 wt.% of TiO2) at 0.5 V and 180 degrees C under dry condition, which confirmed that these developed membranes have high performance.
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