Senkyunolide I attenuates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice via anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways

Background: Senkyunolide I (SEI)exerts considerable protective effects in various disease models, but its effect on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. This research aimed to investigate the effect of SEI in a murine model of hepatic I/R injury. Methods: With modified liver I/R murine model, low, medium and high doses of SEI were injected intraperitoneally after operation. After 6 h of reperfusion, the blood and liver were collected. Serum ALT and AST were detected by automatic analyzer, while liver injury was evaluated by HE staining. High-dose SEI was selected to further explore its impacts on oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis induced by hepatic I/R. The pharmacological effect of SEI was also compared with a positive control, glutathione (GSH). We used ELISA to detect serum TNF-alpha, IL-1 13 and IL-6, special kit to explore activities of SOD and GSH-Px, and the content of MDA, and western blotting to detect HO-1, Bax and Bcl-2 levels, and to perceive expressions and phosphorylations of NF- Kappa B p65 and p38/ERK/JNK in liver tissues. Apoptosis in liver tissue was evaluated by TUNEL. The antioxidative effect of SEI was further investigated using the HuCCT1 cells stimulated with H2O2 and the role of SEI on regulation of Nrf-2/HO-1 was determined. Results: 200 mg/kg of SEI was optimal dose for treating liver I/R injury. Elevated ALT, AST and histopathological injury in I/R liver was attenuated by SEI administration, similarly to GSH. Serum TNF-alpha, IL-113, and IL-6 were reduced in liver I/R mice treated with SEI, and in liver tissues, phosphorylation of p65 NF-Kappa B and MAPK kinases (p38, ERK, JNK), were inhibited. SEI reduced the MDA content, but increased HO-1 level and enhanced SOD and GSH-Px activities. Apoptosis of liver tissues was decreased, while SEI inhibited Bax and elevated Bcl-2 expression. In in vitro experiments, H2O2 reduced the survival rate of HuCCT1 cells, which was protected by SEI administration. SEI reduced the ROS and MDA content. The transportation of Nrf-2 into the nucleus was enhanced and HO-1 expression was upregulated. Conclusions: SEI attenuates hepatic I/R injury in mice via anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways.

Automated summary

The study found that the optimal dose of SEI in treating liver I/R injury was 200 mg/kg. SEI administration reduced ALT, AST, and histopathological injury in I/R liver, similar to GSH. SEI treatment decreased TNF-alpha, IL-113, and IL-6 in liver I/R mice, and inhibited phosphorylation of p65 NF-Kappa B and MAPK kinases in liver tissues. SEI also showed antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in both in vivo and in vitro experiments.