Journal
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
Volume 302, Issue 1, Pages 273-285Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/imr.12983
Keywords
cancer-associated fibroblasts; cell plasticity; fibroblastic reticular cells; follicular dendritic cells; lymphoma; tumor microenvironment
Categories
Funding
- FHU CAMIn
- Region Bretagne
- Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer [PGA1 RF20170205386]
- Institut National du cancer [INCA AAP PNP-19-009]
- LLS [TRP 6593-20]
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Stromal cells in bone marrow and lymphoid organs function to regulate B cell behavior, with follicular lymphoma being a prime example of a B-cell neoplasia dependent on a specific tumor microenvironment that includes cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). This interaction between malignant B cells and stromal cells contributes to the complexity of the tumor microenvironment and highlights the need for further research into signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms for potential therapeutic targets.
Stromal cells organize specific anatomic compartments within bone marrow (BM) and secondary lymphoid organs where they finely regulate the behavior of mature normal B cells. In particular, lymphoid stromal cells (LSCs) form a phenotypically heterogeneous compartment including various cell subsets variably supporting B-cell survival, activation, proliferation, and differentiation. In turn, activated B cells trigger in-depth remodeling of LSC networks within lymph nodes (LN) and BM. Follicular lymphoma (FL) is one of the best paradigms of a B-cell neoplasia depending on a specific tumor microenvironment (TME), including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) emerging from the reprogramming of LN LSCs or poorly characterized local BM precursors. FL-CAFs support directly malignant B-cell growth and orchestrate FL permissive cell niche by contributing, through a bidirectional crosstalk, to the recruitment and polarization of immune TME subsets. Recent studies have highlighted a previously unexpected level of heterogeneity of both FL B cells and FL TME, underlined by FL-CAF plasticity. A better understanding of the signaling pathways, molecular mechanisms, and kinetic of stromal cell remodeling in FL would be useful to delineate new predictive markers and new therapeutic approaches in this still fatal malignancy.
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