Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
Volume 36, Issue 4, Pages 2966-2974Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2020.3040413
Keywords
Reactive power; Loss measurement; Current measurement; Transmission line measurements; State estimation; Power measurement; Circuit faults; Geomagnetic disturbance (GMD); geomagnetically induced currents (GICs); modeling; reactive power losses; state estimation
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Funding
- National Science Foundation through EAR-1 [520 864, TPWRS-00 361-2020]
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This study discusses how to explicitly model excess reactive power losses in power system state estimation, and includes GIC-related values in states and measurements to improve estimation accuracy during GMDs.
Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) threaten the secure and reliable operation of the electric power grid. During a GMD, geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) cause additional reactive power losses and a lowered voltage profile. Preventing and mitigating a widespread system collapse in such an occurrence requires accurate knowledge of the current system state. This is provided by power system state estimation, but as traditional methods do not account for GIC-related monitoring and modeling, they may fail to provide accurate results during a GMD. Therefore, in this work excess reactive power losses are explicitly modeled in the state estimation method and GIC-related values are included among the states and measurements. The modeling scheme is thoroughly discussed and estimation results on a 20 bus and 150 bus case validate the estimation accuracy improvement provided by a GIC-inclusive modified state estimator during a GMD.
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