Journal
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 59, Issue -, Pages 414-426Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.10.050
Keywords
Litopenaeus vannamei; Vibrio alginolyticus; WSSV; Fucoidan; Immune response; Haematopoietic tissue; Phagocytosis; Clearance efficiency; Gene expression
Funding
- National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC101-2313-B-019-002]
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University
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White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei receiving fucoidan at 2, 6, and 10 mu g g(-1) after 0-144 h or 0-120 h were examined for immune parameters (haemograms, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst, and superoxide dismutase activity), proliferation of haemocyte in the haematopoietic tissue (HPT), gene expression, and phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency to Vibrio alginolyticus. Immune parameters and mitotic index of HPT increased after 3-24 h, reached their maxima after 48-72 h, and returned to background values after 144 h. Transcripts of lipopolysaccharide and beta-1,3-glucan binding protein (LGBP), peroxinectin (PX), prophenoloxidase (proPO) I, proPO II, astakine, and haemocyte homeostasis-associated protein (HHAP) were up -regulated to a maximum after 48-72 h and returned to background values after 144 h. Phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency to V. alginolyticus increased after 12 h, reached its maximum after 48 h, and continued to remain higher after 120 h. In another experiment, shrimp receiving fucoidan after 48 h and 144 h were respectively challenged with V alinolyticus at 6 x 10(6) colony -forming units (cfu) shrimp(-1) or challenged with WSSV at 1.2 x 10(5) copies shrimp(-1) and then placed in seawater. The survival rate of shrimp receiving fucoidan was significantly higher than in controls. In conclusion, shrimp receiving fucoidan showed a proliferation of HPT, increased immune parameters, and up -regulated transcripts of LGBP, PX, proPO I, proPO II, astakine, and HHAP after 48 h. Shrimp receiving fucoidan exhibited a defense against V. alginolyticus and WSSV, even after immune parameters recovered to background levels. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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