Journal
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
Volume 21, Issue 14, Pages 15824-15838Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2020.3009382
Keywords
Intelligent transportation systems; authentication; vehicle accident detection; vehicle accident notification; blockchain; security
Funding
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [2020R1I1A3058605]
- Ripple Centre of Excellence Scheme, CoE in Blockchain, IIIT Hyderabad, India [IIIT/R&D Office/Internal Projects/001/2019]
- Mathematical Research Impact Centric Support (MATRICS) project - Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), India [MTR/2019/000699]
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The study introduces a novel blockchain-enabled certificate-based authentication scheme, BCAS-VADN, for vehicle accident detection and notification in an Internet of Vehicles (IoV) environment, ensuring secure storage, transmission, and verification of accident-related data.
As the communications among the vehicles, the Road-Side Units (RSU) and the Edge Servers (ES) take place via wireless communication and the Internet, an adversary may take the opportunity to tamper with the data communicated among various entities in an Internet of Vehicles (IoV) environment. Therefore, it demands secure communication among the involved entities in an IoV-based Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) deployment. In this work, we design a new blockchain-enabled certificate-based authentication scheme for vehicle accident detection and notification in ITS, called BCAS-VADN. In BCAS-VADN, through the authentication process, each vehicle can securely notify accident related transactions to its nearby Cluster Head (CH), if an accident is detected on roads either by its own or neighbor vehicle(s). The CH then securely sends the transactions received from the vehicles to its RSU and subsequently, these transactions are also received securely by the ESs. The ES is responsible for preparing partial block containing transactions and Merkle tree root, and a digital signature on those information, and then forwarding to its associated Cloud Server (CS) in the Blockchain Center (BC) for complete block creation, verification and addition of the block using the designed consensusprocess. Due to blockchain technology usage, it is shown that BCAS-VADN is not only secure against various potential attacks, but also maintains transparency, immutability and decentralizationof the information. Furthermore, a comprehensive comparative analysis reveals that BCAS-VADN achieves better security and more functionality attributes, and has low communication and computational overheads as compared to other competitive authentication schemes in IoV. In addition, the practical demonstration using the blockchain technology has been also provided.
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