4.7 Article

Cenomanian-Turonian sea-level transgression and OAE2 deposition in the Western Narmada Basin, India

Journal

GONDWANA RESEARCH
Volume 94, Issue -, Pages 73-86

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2021.02.013

Keywords

Narmada Valley; Interior Seaway; Gujarat; Cenomanian-Turonian OAE2; Planktic Foraminifera; Ostracods

Funding

  1. Princeton University through the Geosciences Department's Tuttle and Scott funds
  2. Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India through the National Mission Directorate under the RUSA 2 scheme, Government of Rajasthan
  3. Department of Geology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur

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The Narmada Seaway in India originated during a global sea-level rise and Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2). By analyzing fossils and sediment records, the historical development and environmental changes during the transgression were revealed.
We report the Narmada Seaway began in India during the largest global sea-level transgression and Oceanic An-oxic Event 2 (OAE2) delta C-13 excursion during the late Cenomanian to early Turonian. The transgression progressed eastward during the Turonian-Coniacian and reached Jhilmili by the end of the Maastrichtian. During this time the Narmada and Godavari Seaways may have joined via the Narmada-Tapti rift and formed a Trans-India Sea-way. The history of this major seaway is entombed in a fossil-rich marine transgression of the tectonically active Narmada rift zone. We examined this transgression in the western Narmada Basin, Gujarat, to improve age con-trol based on planktic foraminifera and ostracods and evaluate paleoenvironmental changes based on the Cenomanian-Turonian OAE2 delta C-13 excursion, delta O-18 records, and mercury concentrations in sediments as index for volcanic eruptions. Results reveal the onset of the OAE2 delta C-13 excursion began in the western Narmada Basin during the late Cenomanian coeval with the sea-level transgression and first influx of planktic and benthic foraminifera in the Nimar Sandstone that overlies Archean rocks. The OAE2 delta C-13 excursion peak was recorded in oyster biostromes followed by fluctuating values of the delta C-13 plateau in the overlying Limestone with oysters beds, and gradual de-crease to background values by the early Turonian. We tested the age of the transgression and delta C-13 excursion based on planktic foraminifera and ostracod biostratigraphy and successfully compared the results with the Pueblo, Colorado, Global Section and Stratotype Point (GSSP), and the eastern Sinai Wadi El Ghaib section of Egypt. (C) 2021 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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