Characteristics associated with hospitalization within 30 days of geriatric intermediate care facility admission

Aim To identify facility-level characteristics associated with hospitalization within 30 days after admission to a geriatric intermediate care facility (GICF) (30-day hospitalization) in Japan. Methods This retrospective cohort study used nationwide long-term care insurance claims data and a national survey of long-term geriatric care facilities. The study population was residents admitted to GICFs between October 2016 and February 2018. The outcome variable was 30-day hospitalization. The independent variables were facility-level characteristics such as level of healthcare professionals. Results The final sample for analysis comprised 282 991 residents of mean age +/- SD, 85.8 +/- 7.2 years, of whom 12 814 (4.5%) experienced 30-day hospitalization. In a multivariable logistic generalized estimating equation model adjusted for facility- and resident-level characteristics, and clustering GICFs, the odds of 30-day hospitalization were 0.906 times lower (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.857-0.958) among residents in a GICF with dental hygienist than in those in a facility without. Furthermore, the risk of 30-day hospitalization was lower among residents who had been admitted to a GICF with higher staffing levels of pharmacists (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.941, 95% CI 0.899-0.985), registered nurses (aOR 0.931, 95% CI 0.880-0.986), care workers (aOR 0.920, 95% CI 0.879-0.964) and speech-language pathologists (aOR 0.926, 95% CI 0.874-0.982) than in those who had been admitted to a GICF with fewer of these healthcare professionals. Conclusions Transitional care including dental hygienist or higher staffing levels of pharmacists, registered nurses, care workers and speech-language pathologists may be a more effective way to prevent 30-day hospitalization. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; center dot center dot: center dot center dot-center dot center dot.

Automated summary

In Japan, facility-level characteristics such as the presence of a dental hygienist and higher staffing levels of pharmacists, registered nurses, care workers, and speech-language pathologists were found to be associated with a lower risk of 30-day hospitalization for residents in geriatric intermediate care facilities. These findings suggest that transitional care involving these healthcare professionals may be effective in preventing short-term hospitalizations among elderly residents.