Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 348, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129091
Keywords
Phospholipid; Human milk; Lactation period; LC-MS
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2020YFC2006302]
- Chinese Nutrition Society (CNS) Nutrition Science Foundation-Wilmar Nutrition and Safety Research Fund [CNS2018112B-4]
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The study revealed significant changes in phospholipid molecular species composition in human milk during lactation, with variations in phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and polyunsaturated phospholipids levels at different stages.
Phospholipids are critical for milk digestion and infant development. But the profile of phospholipid molecular species in human milk and its dynamic changes during the lactation period have never been reported. The present study elucidated precise qualitative and quantitative analysis of 258 phospholipid molecular species in 486 human milk samples. Phosphatidylcholine is the most abundant class, followed by phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin as the second abundant class in different lactation period. The plasmalogens declined along the lactation period, and the polyunsaturated-phospholipids decreased after 10-15 days. The decrease of phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylglycerols, and the increase of lysophosphatidylethanolamines and lysophosphatidylcholines are critical changes from 0 to 5 days to 10-15 days; increase of phosphatidylinositols, phosphatidylserines, lysophosphatidylethanolamines and lysophosphatidylcholines is the key changes from 10-15 days to 40-45 days; the decrease of most phospholipid molecular species is the characteristic change from 40-45 days to 200-240 days; and the phospholipid profile achieved stability after 200 days.
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