Peptidomics and proteogenomics: background, challenges and future needs

Introduction With available genomic data and related information, it is becoming possible to better highlight mutations or genomic alterations associated with a particular disease or disorder. The advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies has greatly advanced diagnostics, prognostics, and drug development. Areas covered Peptidomics and proteogenomics are the two post-genomic technologies that enable the simultaneous study of peptides and proteins/transcripts/genes. Both technologies add a remarkably large amount of data to the pool of information on various peptides associated with gene mutations or genome remodeling. Literature search was performed in the PubMed database and is up to date. Expert Opinion This article lists various techniques used for peptidomic and proteogenomic analyses. It also explains various bioinformatics workflows developed to understand differentially expressed peptides/proteins and their role in disease pathogenesis. Their role in deciphering disease pathways, cancer research, and biomarker discovery using biofluids is highlighted. Finally, the challenges and future requirements to overcome the current limitations for their effective clinical use are also discussed.

Automated summary

With the availability of genomic data and advancements in high-throughput sequencing technologies, peptidomics and proteogenomics have become important tools for studying peptides and proteins associated with gene mutations or genome remodeling. This article provides an overview of techniques for analyzing peptidomics and proteogenomics, as well as bioinformatics workflows for understanding differentially expressed peptides/proteins in disease pathogenesis. Additionally, it highlights the role of these technologies in deciphering disease pathways, cancer research, and biomarker discovery using biofluids, while discussing the challenges and future requirements for their clinical use.