Journal
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
Volume 30, Issue 12, Pages 3577-3584Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00586-021-06898-x
Keywords
Congenital scoliosis; Associated anomalies; Vertebral anomaly type; Vertebral anomaly location
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81972037, 81902178]
- National Key Research & Development Program of China [2017YFC1104902]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [L192015]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [3332019021]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2020M670008ZX]
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This study analyzed the relationship between vertebral anomaly locations, congenital scoliosis types, and associated abnormalities in 1289 inpatient CS cases. It found that cervical malformations had the highest prevalence of mixed defects, musculoskeletal and intraspinal defects, while thoracic malformations had a higher prevalence of intraspinal and musculoskeletal defects. Lumbar vertebral malformation patients had a lower prevalence of intraspinal and musculoskeletal defects.
Purpose This study systematically analyzed and assessed the interrelationships among vertebral anomaly location, congenital scoliosis (CS) type and associated abnormality prevalence. Methods We retrospectively extracted medical records of 1289 CS inpatients surgically treated in our institute from January 2010-December 2019. All patients underwent spinal X-ray, CT, MRI, echocardiogram, urogenital ultrasound and systemic physical examination. We analyzed information on demographics, CS type, associated anomalies and vertebral anomaly location. Results Cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebral anomalies were found in 5.7%, 78.1% and 33.6% of patients, respectively. 82.7% had one region involved. 59.5% with cervical malformations had mixed defects and 61.1% with lumbar malformations exhibited failure of formation. The musculoskeletal defect prevalence was 28.4%, 19.1% and 9.0% in patients with cervical, thoracic and lumbar anomalies. The intraspinal defect prevalence was 33.4% and 20.7% for thoracic and lumbar anomalies. 86.5% of patients with cervical anomalies had more than one region involved, while 78.1% and 62.2% with thoracic and lumbar anomalies, respectively, had only one region involved. Conclusions Cervical malformations had higher prevalence of mixed defects, musculoskeletal and intraspinal defects and multi-region involved. Thoracic malformations had higher prevalence of intraspinal and musculoskeletal defects and more involvement of only one vertebral region. Lumbar vertebral malformation patients had much lower prevalence of intraspinal and musculoskeletal defects and more involvement of only one vertebral region. Cervical malformation was a risk factor for more associated anomalies and more severe vertebral anomalies, which deserves more attention from surgeons in outpatient clinic.
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